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Ram Vasudevan Nampoothiri, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Arjun Datt Law, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Wilson Lam, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Carol Chen, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Zeyad Al-Shaibani, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
David Loach, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Fotios V. Michelis, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Dennis Dong Hwan Kim, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Jonas Mattsson, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Rajat Kumar, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Jeffrey Howard Lipton, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Auro Viswabandya, Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaFollow

Abstract

Background/Objective: Existing literature on allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in therapy related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) is confounded by the inclusion of patients with secondary AML and t-MDS. We aim to report our 20-year experience of HSCT in t-AML. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with t-AML who underwent HSCT. Patients were analyzed for prior malignancy, therapy, time to diagnosis of t-AML, transplant details, relapse-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and predictors of outcomes. Results: In total, 68 patients (59.9% female; median age, 56.5 years) underwent HSCT. Acute and chronic graft-versus host disease (GVHD) occurred in 39 (57.4%) and 23 (33.8%) patients, respectively. Cumulative incidence of relapse, nonrelapse mortality, RFS, and OS at 2 years were 17.9%, 34.5%, 47.6%, and 49.3%, respectively. Significant predictors of reduced OS were presence of 11q23 rearrangement (hazard ratio [HR], 3.24), using induction regimens other than FLAGIda or 7 þ 3 (HR, 3.65), haploidentical donors (HR, 3.48), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 2 or higher (HR, 5.83), and using cyclosporine Aemethotrexate as GVHD prophylaxis (HR, 2.41). A significant decrement in survival was seen with an increasing number of any of these prognostic factors. Conclusion: Outcomes of t-AML are satisfactory after allo-HSCT. Patients with t-AML with good-risk karyotypes, good performance status, having HLA-matched donors, and receiving intensive induction regimens have better outcomes after HSCT.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.

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